Formative International 12 Inch Action Figure President Herbert Hoover Doll

Businesses incur expenses towards achieving their goals, and the profit margin is influenced by various factors such as operating and marketing costs. For instance, marketing costs are a major expense in the beverage industry. Similarly, operating costs are higher in manufacturing firms such as chemicals.

Operating costs are driven by many factors such as raw materials and conversion and maintenance costs. Raw materials are external to the organization, so there are little chances to reduce the costs. But conversion and maintenance costs are purely internal, and depend upon the efficiency of the organization. It is estimated that with good practices, maintenance costs can be brought down by 15 percent. Good practices can be preventive and predictive maintenance management systems.

Industries that extensively use conveyor belts include the mining and process industries. Conveyor belts are long, sometimes travel underground, and carry materials that may get stuck in between the rollers. It is difficult to track the problem in case of breakage caused by materials getting stuck. Maintenance issues include cleaning parts such as belts, rollers and pulleys, and scheduled changes.

As materials get pinched in between the pulleys or on the surface of the belts, cleaning the system is a prerequisite for good maintenance. Cleaning is needed at four stages. The first stage is at the drive pulley, below the flow of material. This is important when the material is sticky. The next stage is called secondary cleaning, and the cleaners are placed behind the pulleys; they are either t-shaped or arm-shaped. Belt brushes and plough cleaners are used to scrape the material on their return paths. The material used for cleaning is either rubber or polyurethane, which is strong enough to scrape but at the same time doesn't wear on the belt.

The maintenance of the system also depends upon the strength of the belt and the type of material transported.

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